http://www.awqaf.ae/Fatawa.aspx?Lang=EN&SectionID=18 Title: Summary On 'Umrah Would you please summarize in detail how...
http://www.awqaf.ae/Fatawa.aspx?Lang=EN&SectionID=18
All praise and thanks are to Allah, Lord of All Worlds. May the peace and blessing of Allah be upon our Prophet, the Chief of all Messengers, Muhammad and upon his family and Companions...
All praise and thanks are to Allah, Lord of All Worlds. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our master Muhammad, his family, his companions, and all those who will follow them in righteousness till the Day of Judgment.
It is Sunnah to perform 'Umrah only one time in one's life and it is a great chance for resorting back to Allah, the Almighty. 'Umrah should be performed as follows:
If a Muslim intends to perform 'Umrah, he should repent to Allah, Exalted be He, pay all the debts, render all the trusts back to their owners, ask his business associates or friends to pardon him, write his will and assign persons to witness its execution, entrust whoever shall pay his debts if he is not able to fulfill them, leave enough money to his family to sustain them, and gain the pleasure of his/her parents, spend from lawful money and choose righteous companionship. It is recommended to the husband to perform 'Umrah or Hajj with his wife.
It is recommended to trim the nails, remove the armpit hair and clip the mustache. It is also recommended for both men and women to take a bath if convenient, including menstruating women and those experiencing postnatal bleeding. Men are to change into their clothing of Ihram by wearing two pieces of fabric called the Izaar and the Ridaa'. The Ridaa' covers the top half of the body, while the Izaar covers the lower half. Ihram should preferably be white. After making Ghusl (ritual bath), it is recommended for him/her to perform two Rakaas (cycles); Surat Al-Kafiroun should be recited After Fatihah in the first cycle and Al-Ikhlas after Fatihah in the second. However, if he reads the other two chapters, that would suffice.
Travelers by plane can do the abovementioned things at home before he/she leaves and delay assuming Ihram until reaching the Meeqaat. However, if he is worried about exceeding the Meeqaat without assuming the Ihram due to his ignorance of the time of reaching the Meeqaat or not being alerted by the pilot, he is allowed to assume his Ihram for 'Umrah after taking off.
As for those who travel by land, they can do the abovementioned things once they reach the Meeqaat.
Then the pilgrim makes the intention at the Meeqaat to begin the rites of 'Umrah by entering the state of Ihram, saying: "labbayka Allahumma 'Umrah. (Here I am O Allah making 'Umrah)."
When standing, sitting, waking up after sleep, it is recommended for him/her to renew his/her Talbiyyah, (labbayk Allahumma labbayk, labbayka laa shareeka laka labbayk, innal-hamda wan-ni'mata laka wal-mulk, laa shareeka lak) "In response to your call O Allah I perform 'Umrah, here I am O Allah. In response to Your call. You have no partner."
Upon arriving at the sacred mosque in Makkah (Al-Masjid Al-Haraam), he/she is recommended to enter the mosque through Al-Salam gate and nothing wrong if he/she enters from any other gate. Then he/she should say: "Bismillaah, Allaahumma Salli 'Alaa Muhammad, Allaahumma Ighfirli waftahli Abwaaba Rahmatik. (In the name of Allah! O Allah! Exalt the mention of your Messenger. O Allah! Forgive my sins, and open the gates of Your mercy for me)."
Upon seeing the Kaabah, he/she should say: "Allahumma zid baitaka hadha tashrifan wwa ta'ziman wwa takriman wwa mahabatan wwa zid man hajjahu awi'tamara tashrifan wwa takriman wwa ta'ziman wwa birran. Allahumma antas‑salamu wa minkas‑salamu, fahayyina Rabbana bis‑salam. (O Allah! Increase this House in dignity, honor, nobleness and sacredness. O Allah! increase those who perform the Pilgrimage in honor, nobleness and righteousness. O Allah! You are the peace and from You comes peace. So keep us alive, O our Lord, in peace!)."
If the pilgrim intends to do Tawaf (circumambulation around the Ka'bah), he must be in the state of Wudu', covering his 'Awrah (private parts). Thereafter, he/she must circumambulate the Ka'bah seven times, anti-clockwise. Whenever he/she reaches or is parallel to the black stone, it is recommended to say: "Allaahu Akbar." It is recommended for men to observe Raml during the first three circuits only. Ar-Raml means speeding up one's pace with small steps and it is Sunnah, not obligatory. Pilgrim should increase his supplications for himself or whomever he wills during Tawaf. It is recommended to say between Al-Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad: "Rabbana atina fiddunya hasanatan wwa fil akhirati hasanatan wwa qina 'adhaban-nar, (Our Lord! Give us goodness in this world and goodness in the hereafter, and save us from the chastisement of Fire)." When he completes seven circuits of Tawaf, he must approach Maqaam Ibrahim (Ibrahim's station) and pray two short Rakaas, as close as conveniently possible, behind Maqaam Ibrahim. If it is not possible then he can pray anywhere in the sacred mosque.
The next stage is to go to the mountain of Al-Safa, stand on it, face the Ka'bah and say: " Allaahu Akbar, Allaahu Akbar, Allaahu Akbar. Laa ilaaha il-lall-llaahu wadahu la shareeka lahu, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu, wa huwa 'alaa qulli shay'in qadeer. Laa ilaaha il-lall-llaahu wahdahu, anjaza wa'dahu, wa nasara 'abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaaba wahdahu" (Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, Who has no partner. To Him belongs the dominion, to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over everything. He fulfilled His promise, gave victory to His servant, and defeated the confederates alone.)"
Then descend and go towards Al-Marwah, running between the fluorescent green lights (for men only). Once the pilgrim reaches Al-Marwah, he completes one circuit. Then one continues back to Al-Safa and do the same acts until he completes seven circuits. Seven circuits are to be completed ending the last one on Al-Marwah.
The Tawaf must precede S'ai (hastening between Al-Safa and Al-Marwah) in order to have valid S'ai. Upon completing S'ai, one is to shave his hair or shorten it. By doing so, the rites of 'Umrah have now been completed and everything becomes permissible for him.
Among the most important rulings to be observed in performing 'Umrah are the following:
First: The pillars of 'Umrah, according to the majority of the scholars (Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali school of thought), are three as follows:
1- Ihram (the intention of starting the rites of 'Umrah).
2- Tawaf (circumambulation around the K'abah).
3- S'ai(hastening between Al-Safa And Al-Marwah).
However, Al-Shafi'i added two more requirements to the abovementioned pillars, namely shaving or shortening the hair and to perform them in proper sequence. According to the Hanafi school of thought, Ihram is a condition for 'Umrah and Tawaf is the only pillar.
Secondly: There are two obligations that must be fulfilled in performing 'Umrah, as follows:
1- Ihram from the Meeqaat, if the Meeqaat is a location between Makkah and the pilgrim or Ihram from the place he is in if he is inside Makkah.
2- Shortening the hair or shaving it.
Allah Knows best!
Allah knows best!
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Title: Summary On 'Umrah
Would you please summarize in detail how to perform 'Umrah and what are the things that are made obligatory or prohibited? What are the recommended supplications to be said?
Answer
Fatwa No.
18688
13-Jul-2011
All praise and thanks are to Allah, Lord of All Worlds. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our master Muhammad, his family, his companions, and all those who will follow them in righteousness till the Day of Judgment.
It is Sunnah to perform 'Umrah only one time in one's life and it is a great chance for resorting back to Allah, the Almighty. 'Umrah should be performed as follows:
If a Muslim intends to perform 'Umrah, he should repent to Allah, Exalted be He, pay all the debts, render all the trusts back to their owners, ask his business associates or friends to pardon him, write his will and assign persons to witness its execution, entrust whoever shall pay his debts if he is not able to fulfill them, leave enough money to his family to sustain them, and gain the pleasure of his/her parents, spend from lawful money and choose righteous companionship. It is recommended to the husband to perform 'Umrah or Hajj with his wife.
It is recommended to trim the nails, remove the armpit hair and clip the mustache. It is also recommended for both men and women to take a bath if convenient, including menstruating women and those experiencing postnatal bleeding. Men are to change into their clothing of Ihram by wearing two pieces of fabric called the Izaar and the Ridaa'. The Ridaa' covers the top half of the body, while the Izaar covers the lower half. Ihram should preferably be white. After making Ghusl (ritual bath), it is recommended for him/her to perform two Rakaas (cycles); Surat Al-Kafiroun should be recited After Fatihah in the first cycle and Al-Ikhlas after Fatihah in the second. However, if he reads the other two chapters, that would suffice.
Travelers by plane can do the abovementioned things at home before he/she leaves and delay assuming Ihram until reaching the Meeqaat. However, if he is worried about exceeding the Meeqaat without assuming the Ihram due to his ignorance of the time of reaching the Meeqaat or not being alerted by the pilot, he is allowed to assume his Ihram for 'Umrah after taking off.
As for those who travel by land, they can do the abovementioned things once they reach the Meeqaat.
Then the pilgrim makes the intention at the Meeqaat to begin the rites of 'Umrah by entering the state of Ihram, saying: "labbayka Allahumma 'Umrah. (Here I am O Allah making 'Umrah)."
When standing, sitting, waking up after sleep, it is recommended for him/her to renew his/her Talbiyyah, (labbayk Allahumma labbayk, labbayka laa shareeka laka labbayk, innal-hamda wan-ni'mata laka wal-mulk, laa shareeka lak) "In response to your call O Allah I perform 'Umrah, here I am O Allah. In response to Your call. You have no partner."
Upon arriving at the sacred mosque in Makkah (Al-Masjid Al-Haraam), he/she is recommended to enter the mosque through Al-Salam gate and nothing wrong if he/she enters from any other gate. Then he/she should say: "Bismillaah, Allaahumma Salli 'Alaa Muhammad, Allaahumma Ighfirli waftahli Abwaaba Rahmatik. (In the name of Allah! O Allah! Exalt the mention of your Messenger. O Allah! Forgive my sins, and open the gates of Your mercy for me)."
Upon seeing the Kaabah, he/she should say: "Allahumma zid baitaka hadha tashrifan wwa ta'ziman wwa takriman wwa mahabatan wwa zid man hajjahu awi'tamara tashrifan wwa takriman wwa ta'ziman wwa birran. Allahumma antas‑salamu wa minkas‑salamu, fahayyina Rabbana bis‑salam. (O Allah! Increase this House in dignity, honor, nobleness and sacredness. O Allah! increase those who perform the Pilgrimage in honor, nobleness and righteousness. O Allah! You are the peace and from You comes peace. So keep us alive, O our Lord, in peace!)."
If the pilgrim intends to do Tawaf (circumambulation around the Ka'bah), he must be in the state of Wudu', covering his 'Awrah (private parts). Thereafter, he/she must circumambulate the Ka'bah seven times, anti-clockwise. Whenever he/she reaches or is parallel to the black stone, it is recommended to say: "Allaahu Akbar." It is recommended for men to observe Raml during the first three circuits only. Ar-Raml means speeding up one's pace with small steps and it is Sunnah, not obligatory. Pilgrim should increase his supplications for himself or whomever he wills during Tawaf. It is recommended to say between Al-Rukn Al-Yamani and Al-Hajar Al-Aswad: "Rabbana atina fiddunya hasanatan wwa fil akhirati hasanatan wwa qina 'adhaban-nar, (Our Lord! Give us goodness in this world and goodness in the hereafter, and save us from the chastisement of Fire)." When he completes seven circuits of Tawaf, he must approach Maqaam Ibrahim (Ibrahim's station) and pray two short Rakaas, as close as conveniently possible, behind Maqaam Ibrahim. If it is not possible then he can pray anywhere in the sacred mosque.
The next stage is to go to the mountain of Al-Safa, stand on it, face the Ka'bah and say: " Allaahu Akbar, Allaahu Akbar, Allaahu Akbar. Laa ilaaha il-lall-llaahu wadahu la shareeka lahu, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu, wa huwa 'alaa qulli shay'in qadeer. Laa ilaaha il-lall-llaahu wahdahu, anjaza wa'dahu, wa nasara 'abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaaba wahdahu" (Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, Who has no partner. To Him belongs the dominion, to Him belongs all praise, and He has power over everything. He fulfilled His promise, gave victory to His servant, and defeated the confederates alone.)"
Then descend and go towards Al-Marwah, running between the fluorescent green lights (for men only). Once the pilgrim reaches Al-Marwah, he completes one circuit. Then one continues back to Al-Safa and do the same acts until he completes seven circuits. Seven circuits are to be completed ending the last one on Al-Marwah.
The Tawaf must precede S'ai (hastening between Al-Safa and Al-Marwah) in order to have valid S'ai. Upon completing S'ai, one is to shave his hair or shorten it. By doing so, the rites of 'Umrah have now been completed and everything becomes permissible for him.
Among the most important rulings to be observed in performing 'Umrah are the following:
First: The pillars of 'Umrah, according to the majority of the scholars (Maliki, Shafi'i and Hanbali school of thought), are three as follows:
1- Ihram (the intention of starting the rites of 'Umrah).
2- Tawaf (circumambulation around the K'abah).
3- S'ai(hastening between Al-Safa And Al-Marwah).
However, Al-Shafi'i added two more requirements to the abovementioned pillars, namely shaving or shortening the hair and to perform them in proper sequence. According to the Hanafi school of thought, Ihram is a condition for 'Umrah and Tawaf is the only pillar.
Secondly: There are two obligations that must be fulfilled in performing 'Umrah, as follows:
1- Ihram from the Meeqaat, if the Meeqaat is a location between Makkah and the pilgrim or Ihram from the place he is in if he is inside Makkah.
2- Shortening the hair or shaving it.
Allah Knows best!
Summary
If the Meeqaat is announced to you by the staff of the plane, you can assume your Ihram from the Meeqaat while you are in the plane. However, if you travel by land, you can assume your Ihram at any Meeqaat you pass by. After assuming your Ihram, you should go to Makkah, circumambulate the Ka'bah seven times while you are in the state of Wudu', proceed towards Maqam Ibrahim or any another place in the Masjid and perform two cycles, hasten between Al-Safa And Al-Marwah seven circuits, and then go to shorten your hair or shave it. By doing these acts, the rites of 'Umrah have now been completed. Moreover, you should engage yourself in the remembrance of Allah and supplications!Allah knows best!
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